May 18, 2012

Is It Time to Re-think Typical Atrial Fibrillation Treatment?

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The wildly beating heart, fatigue and other debilitating symptoms are well known to the many millions of people impacted by atrial fibrillation. Some of those who have afib may have no outward symptoms, but are still at risk of serious and long-term damage to the heart.

Symptoms or not, rate control is the common treatment of choice, especially from those healthcare providers who are not well versed in afib treatment options. But this treatment sort of suspends afib patients in a “waiting and watching” middle ground, stuck in limbo with a diminished quality of life and an increased risk of stroke.

Yet, the doctors prescribing rate control for afib are just following the guidelines. Rate control medications (typically beta blockers) work by slowing down the heartbeat, but often leave patients in afib. So while rate control may not put patients at risk today, they may suffer the effects years later. What’s worse, though, is that the underlying problem of afib isn’t addressed.

Emerging research shows that allowing patients to stay on rate control could have some long-term, serious consequences. The irregular heartbeats can cause remodeling and fibrosis of the heart, and new research has correlated this afib-related fibrosis with stroke. Even on rate control medications, afib patients may have an elevated risk of stroke because rate control allows the haywire circuitry of the heart to continue causing damage. In addition, a recent study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that rate control treatment didn’t seem to improve quality of life for afib patients.

Patients often don’t realize why they are taking rate control medication and may not understand that the drugs won’t stop the afib. Some patients may not be able to comprehend the seriousness of their condition because of the brain fog and short-term memory loss that many patients experience on rate control medications. While doctors usually see these medications as benign, patients often experience an energy-sapping, zombie-like feeling while on the drugs. Rate control drugs can decrease the quality of life as much as afib itself.

Elderly patients may have it even worse because the rate control medications often make these patients feel so tired that they can’t walk up stairs or play with grandchildren. Because of this constant fatigue, they may give up exercising and become inactive, allowing their health and quality of life to continually diminish.

And for patients who are paroxysmal, going in and out of afib frequently, rate control just may leave the heart rate too slow when they are not in afib, making them feel miserable.

So, it’s time for new thinking about afib treatments. We need to go beyond the current recommended guidelines. Medicine has discovered better afib treatment alternatives, including catheter and surgical ablation procedures that can restore patients to normal sinus rhythm and prevent debilitating strokes.

By 2050, up to 16 million people in the US alone will have afib. We can’t afford the cost and human toll of continuing to watch and wait.

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garyfeim 5 pts

Can you recommend a doctor to perform an ablation for afib on me?  I live near Concord,NC.

Skeptical70 5 pts

Have had a-fib for approx 10 yrs (am 74.)  I just had ablation#2.  Both ablations were done at very prominent AF Clinics,  Immediately after ablation #2 my a-fib went permanent and breathing is awful.  How does a-fib go permanent by having an ablation?  I can understand no improvement, but permanent?  Anyone have a similar experience?

KerryMurg 6 pts

I agree. I am 36 years old. I had a catheter ablation 1 1/2 years ago. Prior to that, I was on flecainide, coumadin, and Ativan (assuming anxiety threw me into Afib). My quality of life was terrible prior to that because of the Afib alone. I went undiagnosed with paroxymal Afib for about 3 1/2 years before I had a particularly bad attack at work. When I called and described my symptoms to my PCP's nurse, she told me I was having symptoms of a heart attack and needed to go to the ER. It wasn't a heart attack, but Afib. Once I met with the cardiologist and he described the typical treatment meds, I thought, "GREAT!" I finally know what this is and it is going to stop. It didn't stop. My qualify of life just became worse, and I gained 35 MORE pounds. I gained weight prior to beginning the meds because I was so exhausted and became completely inactive then the meds made it worse. Luckily, I only remained on the meds for just under a year before the ablation procedure. I'm free of medications. I recently started to have occasional palpitations/flutters, but they are gone before I even realize it and I have none of the fatigue, dizziness or headaches. I will be following up with my cardiologist regarding the recent flutters, and I understand that there is a chance that a 2nd ablation may be necessary, that was explained prior to the first procedure. But, I will gladly undergo a second procedure before ever going back on the medications.

mellanie 6 pts moderator

KerryMurg Congratulations for finding your solution. Thanks for sharing your story with us.

alja66 6 pts

KerryMurg Congratulations! I am 30 years older than you and can not imagine going through all of that at your age. I am now having more Afib problems and after reading how meds affect people think an ablation would be better.

dsdoane 5 pts

I agree with this article. My afib started when I was 49 and got very bad at 57. I went on rate and rhythm medication and my quality of life went downhill. I would have preferred a medical procedure but my EP said I needed to fail the medical approach first. When I went on the highest dose of flecainide for the last year I was an emotional zombie and had no zest for life. My EP agreed that I failed the medicine because of my side effects and I had a TTmaze and then left atrial ablation for flutter. Afib/flutter is gone and I have my life back and I take no meds. I feel like the medical approach cost me two years of life that I could have had if I had gone straight to a medical procedure. I caution everyone, however, to shop around, only go to the best, and not listen to all the non-doctor "experts" on message boards. I kept going to doctors until I found the one that I knew was the best and had a proven success record. Being young (relatively) and very healthy saved me when I was taking the meds, I can't imagine the effect they would have had on me if I was 75. I think that insurance companies need to change their policy and have the doctor decide what is the best approach for each individual.

mellanie 6 pts moderator

dsdoane I could not agree with you more. It should be up to doctors and patients to decide what is best, which is generally also the most cost effective over the long term. I'm so glad you have found a solution, and sorry you lost time fooling around with meds that didn't work for you. I hope you'll be afib-free forever.

barrypatton 5 pts

I hadn't been to a doctor in 10 years so my wife insisted I have a complete checkup since I was turning 70. I knew all the doctor would find was elevated blood pressure. Boy was I wrong. I knew I had problems by the look on his face when he listened to my heart. My wife commented that I snored and stopped breathing for up a minute. My lab work indicated my PSA was elevated.

A sleep study confirmed severe sleep apnea. A RESMED S9 and pillow mask solved the sleep apnea. My wife was absolutely thrilled. Very quiet white noise replaced my snoring and lack of breathing.

A prostate biopsy confirmed cancer. Advanced radiation therapy is now available in Austin, TX, The treatment was actually fun and I looked forward to going every day. My PSA is still going down and I am about 11 months out from the end of the radiation.

My third problem, AFIB, did not prove to be as easy to defeat.

I was referred to an EP Cardiologist who went through the usual steps. It was determined that I have been in AFIB continuously for about 5 years. My only symptom was fatigue which I always thought was due to the stroke I had when I was 55 years old which affected my balance.

I had 4 cardioversions that each lasted less than a minute. Rate control brought me down to acceptable numbers and I was told that this is where I will stay. I asked about Catheter Ablation and was told It was too risky for me. I was old and being in rhythm would not increase my quality of life.

Thanks to Mellanie I knew better and sought out the best EP group in Austin. I found them and a doctor who said I was a good candidatre for an ablation but it would not be easy.

I am 4 days out from my ablation. The fatigue fog is gone, I feel great, St. Davids hospital in Austin is fabulous. Thanks to Mellanie and stopafib.org I had the knowledge not to accept standard guidelines and accept my fate.

Being in sinus rhythm does make a difference in how one feels.

Barry

mellanie 6 pts moderator

barrypatton Barry, Thank you so much for sharing your story. I hope you'll stay in sinus rhythm always.

donaldmallick 5 pts

My Wife went through a Catheter Ablation, at the suggestion of her Cardiologist.She was sent to a "Specialist" in Van Nuys for the procedure.

In her case, the procedure was a "bust". A small whole was made in her heart wall, and she spent months, having fluid cleared from her chest via taps. She was completely miserable and would not consider another attempt. Everyone involved was sorry; but that did not help her very much. She is working with her various medicines for control.

Just wanted to make the point that the Ablation Procedures do not always work

as advertised.

Donald L. Mallick

mellanie 6 pts moderator

donaldmallick Don, I agree that they don't always work, and sometimes they go very wrong, like in your wife's case. I'm truly sorry about what ya'll have been through. Unfortunately, everything medical--drugs and procedures--has some adverse events. She is not strictly on rate control medications now and being left in afib all the time, and that was the point of the article. I should have called out rhythm medications in the piece, but kind of presumed that was a given. I'm just very concerned about those who are left in afib long term because we are starting to learn about the ramifications of doing so.

Warmest regards to you both,

Mellanie

yoyomar 5 pts

mellaniedonaldmallick

Mellanie: I'm interested in the following remark in your response to Donald Mallick: I should have called out rhythm medications in the piece, but kind of presumed that was a given. I am unclear what you are suggesting by this. Are rhythm medications (propafenone) also undesirable, in your opinion?

mellanie 6 pts moderator

yoyomardonaldmallick

No, I meant that I should have mentioned rhythm medications as an option for getting out of afib and into rhythm. The point is that I believe, based on the latest research and the impact rate control has, that we need to get people out of afib and into normal sinus rhythm. Sorry for the confusion. Thanks for asking for clarity.

alja66 6 pts

I was recently diagnosed with afib. I had an ablation six years ago for PSVT. At that time, the doctor was not certain if I had afib or if he had caused it. As I was having what I thought was palpitations again, I wore a holter monitor in Dec. It shows I have chronic afib. It usually lasts for less than a minute but there have been times it has lasted for hours. I usually take an extra Diltiazem when this happens. It takes about two hours to kick in though and when it does my heart rate goes back to normal. The doctor now wants me to take Multaq (heart rhythm med) which causes liver damage and liver failure. Also, a blood thinner and a cholesterol med. From what I am reading here, once an ablation is done for the afib, and if successful it is better than meds. I am on Medicare and suspect I have to take drugs and fail before I can have an ablation. I am raising two grandchildren and cannot imagine being in a fog and fatigued worse than I am. I understand the undyling afib must be corrected or my risk or stroke is very high. What is the answer? Take the meds, feel awful, destroy my liver, or just take my chances. I don't know what to do. Thanks

While medicine MAY HAVE discovered better afib treatment alternatives, it is very important for cardiologists to work together with other specialists to look at the total picture of the patient. My understanding is there is also research out there that shows that people with central sleep apnea and afib have a very high
failure rate with ablations, no small issue. Research dollars going to prevention seem key as opposed to trying to fix the problem after the fact.

I'm curious about long-term studies that show that people that have had ablations live longer and are healthier. I haven't seen any what I would consider large studies showing that.

The CABANA study is underway, and is a huge, and very expensive, 5-year study that will tell us a lot about the results from catheter ablation. But we don't have much long-term data yet.

Untreated sleep apnea is a reason that both cardioversions and catheter ablations fail (there's lots of research on this at our http://stopafib.org site). The impact of treated sleep apnea on cardioversions and catheter ablations has not been studied, as far as I know; but logic indicates that treating it should yield better results, and anecdotally that is what many patients say has happened with them. We do know that treating sleep apnea is less likely to reverse afib, but can decrease afib burden.

Prevention is very important, and there are tons of prevention dollars currently going to heart disease and other conditions (such as the community transformation grants in the recent healthcare legislation). Preventing heart disease is truly a key to preventing afib as at least 70%-80% of afib is related to underlying heart disease.